Pharmaceutical wastewater is not only high in concentration, but also has complex components, and contains a large number of pollutants that are not easily degradable. Therefore, pharmaceutical companies have great difficulties in wastewater treatment. What are the treatment methods for wastewater in pharmaceutical factories? Let's discuss with you:
Coagulation sedimentation
At present, coagulation sedimentation method is one of the main methods in physicochemical wastewater treatment. This method mainly achieves the effect of reducing the content of pollutants in the wastewater by effectively degrading the organisms in the wastewater, and achieves the purpose of wastewater treatment. The production of a large amount of chemical sludge is the main disadvantage of this treatment method, but the high removal rate of salt, ammonia and nitrogen content is the biggest advantage of the coagulation sedimentation method.
Flotation
Followed by flotation method, flotation method is also called air flotation method. First, a large number of micro-bubbles are produced in the water by chemical methods, and then the pollutants with similar concentrations in the wastewater are adhered together and float to the water surface, and finally the solid and liquid in the wastewater are effectively separated, thereby fundamentally reducing water pollution. content of the substance.
Membrane separation
The main tool of the membrane separation method is the membrane, through which the solvent is separated. This method not only has obvious effect on the recovery of ethanol from the polyphenol pharmaceutical wastewater, but also can effectively intercept the polyphenol mixture.
Anaerobic biological treatment method
The anaerobic biological treatment method is mainly aimed at the treatment of anaerobic organisms, and is suitable for the treatment of high-concentration organic pharmaceutical wastewater. The main operation methods are divided into up-flow anaerobic sludge bed method, hydrolysis up-flow sludge bed method and anaerobic baffled reactor method. When this method is used alone, in order to achieve better results, subsequent reprocessing of aerobic organisms is required.
Due to the relatively simple structure and short hydraulic retention time of the up-flow anaerobic sludge bed method for the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater, additional equipment for sludge return device is mostly unnecessary. However, this method requires too much management technology and takes too long for domestication. Once the relevant requirements are not met, it will directly affect the stability of the effluent quality. By improving the up-flow anaerobic sludge bed method, the technicians have produced the hydrolysis up-flow sludge bed method. This method mainly degrades the macromolecular organic pollutants that cannot be degraded into small molecular organic pollutants. It has high biochemical performance, and it has a faster reaction speed. At the same time, the requirements for the processing environment are reduced. It can be carried out without a large reaction tank. The amount of sludge produced during the reaction process is small, which reduces the number of airtight, stirring and separators. and other links, the cost of construction has been greatly reduced. The anaerobic baffled reactor method is very suitable for the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater. Its simple structure has a very good retention capacity for sludge, and it has a very good effect on high-concentration wastewater or toxic and refractory wastewater.
Aerobic Biological Treatment Technology
Aerobic biological treatment technology can be mainly divided into three methods: ordinary activated sludge method, sequencing batch batch activated sludge method and deep well aeration method. At present, the common activated sludge process technology is relatively mature, and it is widely used in the sewage treatment of pharmaceutical factories. However, when using this method, it is necessary to dilute the pharmaceutical wastewater a lot, which directly leads to the generation of a large number of air bubbles in the wastewater, and the higher sludge bulking rate directly affects the decontamination effect. The sequencing batch batch activated sludge method has many advantages such as simple structure, good economic benefits, homogenization of water quality and no sludge return, so it is the first choice for the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater with intermittent discharge and large water quality fluctuations. this method. However, since a large amount of sludge is generated, it takes a long time to settle these sludges. The deep well aeration method is simply a high-speed activated sludge treatment system. Compared with ordinary activated sludge treatment methods, deep well aeration method has the characteristics of high oxygen utilization rate, good dissolved oxygen effect in deep wells, high sludge loading rate, small footprint, low investment, low operating cost and high efficiency. In addition, this method also has the characteristics of no sludge bulking problem and good thermal insulation effect, which can ensure that the wastewater treatment in the northern region can achieve better results in winter. The main disadvantage is that some deep wells may leak, and the construction of deep wells is difficult and the infrastructure cost is relatively high.
Electrolysis
Electrolysis is a method in which pharmaceutical sewage undergoes chemical reaction under the action of electric current to achieve the effect of sewage treatment. Compared with other methods, electrolysis has many advantages, such as high efficiency, simple operation and good decolorization effect.
Combination of microwave treatment and activated carbon adsorption
Usually we call the special electromagnetic wave with a wavelength of 1nm to 1m as microwave. Using microwave alone can achieve a certain effect of wastewater treatment, but the effect is not very ideal. Activated carbon adsorption method is a common method for wastewater treatment, but the organic matter attached to the surface of activated carbon after adsorption is difficult to deal with. In the study, it was found that microwave treatment can effectively desorb the attached matter on the surface of activated carbon. The two methods can be combined to make activated carbon adsorbed Regeneration, in order to achieve the purpose of reuse and full treatment.
Ultrasonic treatment
The core of ultrasonic water treatment technology is that ultrasonic waves are carried out in three ways: OH radical oxidation, combustion and decomposition in bubbles, and supercritical water oxidation. In recent years, with the gradual maturity of the theory of microwave treatment technology, people gradually focus on the application of microwave and ultrasonic technology in the field of water treatment, especially the combined process of ultrasonic and biological contact oxidation to purify high-concentration organic wastewater. Treatment has a dramatic effect.